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What is SS 310 Stainless Steel?
Quick answer
- Definition
- SS 310 is a 25% chromium, 20% nickel austenitic stainless steel for oxidation resistance up to about 1,100 °C.
- Family
- Heat-resisting austenitic stainless steel
- Key strength
- 25% Cr / 20% Ni for maximum scaling resistance among standard grades
- Main forms
- Pipes, Tubes, Plates, Sheets, Bars
- Typical uses
- Radiant tubes and furnace rolls; Burner parts and flame shields; Kiln liners and cement cooler parts
With 24–26% chromium and 19–22% nickel, SS 310 is the most highly alloyed of the standard heat-resisting stainless steels. Its standard carbon (up to 0.25%) supports high-temperature strength, and the nickel keeps the structure stable at temperature.
Bars, castings and wire are often ordered as SS 310, while plate and sheet are typically SS 310S. Uses include furnace rollers and conveyor belts, radiant tubes, burner parts and cryogenic applications, where its stable austenite stays tough.
Key characteristics
- 25% Cr / 20% Ni for maximum scaling resistance among standard grades
- Useful to about 1,100 °C in dry air (indicative)
- Higher carbon for strength at temperature
- Also tough at cryogenic temperatures
What are the specifications and equivalents of SS 310?
| Product form | Specification / designation | Product page |
|---|---|---|
| Pipes | ASTM A312 / ASME SA312 TP310 (seamless & welded); A358 EFW | SS 310 pipes → |
| Tubes | ASTM A213 TP310 (seamless); A249 / A269 TP310 (welded) | SS 310 tubes → |
| Plates | ASTM A240 / ASME SA240 310 | SS 310 plates → |
| Sheets | ASTM A240 / ASME SA240 310 | SS 310 sheets → |
| Bars | ASTM A276 / A479 310 | SS 310 bars → |
UNS S31000
What is the chemical composition of SS 310?
| Element | Limit (%) |
|---|---|
| C | 0.25 max |
| Mn | 2.00 max |
| P | 0.045 max |
| S | 0.030 max |
| Si | 1.50 max |
| Cr | 24.0 – 26.0 |
| Ni | 19.0 – 22.0 |
What are the mechanical properties of SS 310?
| Property | Value |
|---|---|
| Tensile strength | 515 MPa (75 ksi) |
| Yield strength (0.2% offset) | 205 MPa (30 ksi) |
| Elongation | 40% |
| Hardness | 217 HBW |
Physical properties and service temperature
| Property | Value |
|---|---|
| Density (typical) | 7.9 g/cm³ (7900 kg/m³) |
| Magnetism | Non-magnetic when annealed. |
| Heat treatment | Solution annealed. High-temperature exposure may form sigma phase, which reduces room-temperature toughness. |
| Service temperature | About 1,100 °C continuous and about 1,040 °C intermittent in oxidising atmospheres (indicative). |
How is SS 310 welded and fabricated?
Weldable with matching high-alloy fillers; keep heat input moderate to limit hot cracking.
Always follow a qualified welding procedure (for example ASME Section IX) and the filler-metal recommendations for SS 310. Verify incoming material by PMI and check the mill test certificate against the specification.
Which SS 310 products do we supply?
SS 310 Stainless Steel is available in 5 product forms, from ready stock or mill-sourced to your specification, with EN 10204 3.1 mill test certificates (3.2 with third-party inspection on request).
SS 310 PipesASTM A312 TP310Specification & sizes
How it's madeSeamless pipe is pierced from a solid billet and hot-finished or cold-drawn. Welded pipe is formed from strip or plate and welded longitudinally (ERW/HFW, TIG/plasma, EFW, LSAW) or spirally (SAWH). Stainless and nickel-alloy pipe is then solution annealed and pickled. Carbon and alloy steel pipe is supplied as-rolled, normalised, or normalised and tempered according to the specification.
- Specification
- ASTM A312 / ASME SA312 TP310 (seamless & welded); A358 EFW
- Size range
- NPS ⅛" to 48" and larger (DN 6 – DN 1200+), schedules 5S to XXS, single random, double random and cut lengths
- Finish
- Annealed & pickled, bright annealed, mill finish, black, varnished, galvanised or 3LPE / FBE coated (by material)
- Ends
- Plain end (PE), bevelled end (BE, ASME B16.25), threaded (NPT / BSP), grooved
Testing & documents
- Chemical and mechanical (tension, flattening, flare/bend) tests
- Hydrostatic test or non-destructive electric test (UT/ET) on each length
- Dimensional and visual inspection
- Intergranular corrosion (stainless), impact (low-temperature), hardness (sour service) when specified
- PMI and third-party inspection on request
- EN 10204 3.1 certificate; 3.2 with third-party inspection
SS 310 TubesASTM A213 TP310Specification & sizes
How it's madeSeamless tubes are hot-extruded or pierced and then cold-drawn or pilgered to size. Welded tubes are formed from strip, welded (TIG/laser/HF), bead-worked and drawn or sized. Heat-exchanger and boiler tubes are annealed after final forming, and U-tubes are bent and stress-relieved as required.
- Specification
- ASTM A213 TP310 (seamless); A249 / A269 TP310 (welded)
- Size range
- OD 3 mm to about 127 mm (¼" to 5") typical, wall 0.5 mm to 12 mm; BWG or mm; straight lengths up to about 30 m, U-bent to drawing
- Finish
- Annealed & pickled, bright annealed (BA), polished (sanitary), cold-drawn
- Ends
- Plain square-cut, deburred; U-bends with stress-relieved bends on request
Testing & documents
- Eddy-current and/or ultrasonic testing on each tube
- Hydrostatic or pneumatic test
- Flattening, flaring and flange tests
- Grain size (H grades), IGC and hardness when specified
- Surface roughness (Ra) for sanitary and instrumentation tube
- EN 10204 3.1 certificate; 3.2 with third-party inspection
SS 310 PlatesASTM A240 310Specification & sizes
How it's madeSlabs are hot-rolled on a reversing plate mill (or a Steckel/hot-strip mill for thinner plate), then heat treated (annealed, normalised, or quenched and tempered, depending on material), descaled and pickled or shot-blasted. Plates are cut to size by plasma, oxy-fuel, waterjet or shearing.
- Specification
- ASTM A240 / ASME SA240 310
- Size range
- Thickness about 3 – 150 mm (and heavier on request), widths 1,000 – 3,000 mm, lengths 2,000 – 12,000 mm; cut-to-size and profile-cut parts
- Finish
- No.1 (hot-rolled, annealed and pickled) for stainless; shot-blasted, mill scale or primed for carbon steel
- Ends
- Mill edge, sheared, plasma or waterjet cut, profile cut to drawing
Testing & documents
- Chemical analysis and tensile tests (per plate or heat)
- Impact tests for low-temperature and pressure-vessel plates
- Ultrasonic testing (e.g. ASTM A435 / A578) when specified
- IGC, HIC and simulated PWHT tests as required
- Flatness and dimensional inspection
- EN 10204 3.1 certificate; 3.2 with third-party inspection
SS 310 SheetsASTM A240 310Specification & sizes
How it's madeHot-rolled coil is cold-rolled to final thickness, then annealed and pickled (2B/2D) or bright annealed (BA), temper-passed, and polished or textured as needed. Coils are then levelled and cut into sheets.
- Specification
- ASTM A240 / ASME SA240 310
- Size range
- Thickness about 0.3 – 6 mm, standard sizes 1,000 × 2,000, 1,219 × 2,438 (4 × 8 ft), 1,250 × 2,500 and 1,500 × 3,000 mm; custom cut lengths
- Finish
- 2B, 2D, BA, No.4 (brushed), HL (hairline), No.8 (mirror), embossed, PVC or laser-film protected
- Ends
- Sheared or slit edges; laser-cut blanks on request
Testing & documents
- Chemical and mechanical tests
- Surface and finish inspection
- Thickness and flatness checks
- Hardness and bend tests as specified
- EN 10204 3.1 certificate; 3.2 with third-party inspection
SS 310 BarsASTM A276 / A479 310Specification & sizes
How it's madeBillets are hot-rolled or forged to size, then heat treated (annealed, solution treated, or quenched and tempered) and finished by descaling, peeling, turning, cold-drawing or centreless grinding for bright bar with tight tolerance.
- Specification
- ASTM A276 / A479 310
- Size range
- Round bars about 3 – 500 mm diameter; hex 6 – 100 mm A/F; square and flat sections to order; lengths 3 – 6 m random or cut to size
- Finish
- Black (hot-rolled), peeled, bright drawn, centreless ground and polished (h9 / h11 tolerance)
- Ends
- Saw-cut, chamfered on request
Testing & documents
- Chemical and mechanical tests
- Ultrasonic testing for internal soundness
- Hardness, IGC and impact tests as specified
- Straightness and tolerance checks
- EN 10204 3.1 certificate; 3.2 with third-party inspection
Where is SS 310 used?
Typical applications
- Radiant tubes and furnace rolls
- Burner parts and flame shields
- Kiln liners and cement cooler parts
- Heat-treatment fixtures and mesh belts
- Ammonia converter parts
What should you specify when buying SS 310?
- Grade and specification, e.g. ASTM A312 TP310
- Product form, size and tolerance
- Heat treatment / condition and surface finish
- Quantity, delivery location and required date
- Tests: PMI, hydro/NDT, IGC, impact or hardness as required
- Certificate type (EN 10204 3.1 / 3.2) and third-party inspection
See our RFQ checklist guide and what drives metal prices.
Explore more on SS 310
Comparisons & articles
Frequently asked questions
Is SS 310 the same as SS 310S?
The alloy contents are the same, but SS 310 allows up to 0.25% carbon while SS 310S is limited to 0.08%. Flat products are normally SS 310S.
What is SS 310 used for?
Radiant tubes and furnace rolls, Burner parts and flame shields, Kiln liners and cement cooler parts, Heat-treatment fixtures and mesh belts. It's used across Cement, Heavy Engineering, Fertilizer, Power Generation.
What is the UNS number of SS 310?
SS 310 is designated UNS S31000.
Which product forms is SS 310 available in?
Pipes, Tubes, Plates, Sheets, Bars, to ASTM A312 TP310, ASTM A213 TP310, ASTM A240 310 and related specifications.
What is the density of SS 310?
About 7.9 g/cm³ (7900 kg/m³), used for weight calculations.
Is SS 310 magnetic?
Non-magnetic when annealed.
What temperature can SS 310 withstand?
About 1,100 °C continuous and about 1,040 °C intermittent in oxidising atmospheres (indicative).